Electromagnetic mechanisms.

They are devices that convert movement into electricity or vice versa using the electromagnetic phenomena.

ELECTROMAGNETIC GENERATORS.

This generators transfom mechanical energy into electricity. There are two types:

∎Dynamos, that produce direct current.
∎Alternators, that produce alternating current.

Dynamos.

 A dynamo is form by a magnet and a rotary coal located between the poles of the magnet. The commutator are two semi-circular conductors ,located in the end of the coil, attached to carbon brushes which in turn are connected to electrical wires. The coil generates direct current when electricity is applied.
The dynamos produce a pulsating direct current when they have only a coil, but if the dynamo has two or more coils it produces a constant flow of direct current.

DIAGRAM OF A DYNAMO.

Alternators.

A simple alternator is make up equal to a dynamo, except that the current is alternating and  the commutator is form by two metallic rings connected to carbon brushes.

DIAGRAM OF AN ALTERNATOR.

ELECTRIC MOTORS.

They transform electrical energy into movement using the forces of attraction and repulsion between a magnet and an electrically-charged wire.

RELAYS.

RELAY.

It is an electromagnetic component that act like a magnet attracting a moveable metal when electricity passes through the coil, and it contact towards another fixed contact . The moveable metal goes back to its original position whe electricity stops flowing.

DIAGRAM OF A RELAY.                                            RELAY.

When relays may also have two or four cicuits they are called two- or four-pole relays